Thursday, December 26, 2019
Education And Its Influence On American Education
Graduate Education today shows traces of its European ancestors. The influences range from Greece, Egypt, Italy, Spain, and many others. American education has evolved and manifested throughout the thousands of years of its existence. We can directly trace the roots back to our European ancestors, with the education that exists today in America. Higher educationââ¬â¢s journey began in Greece in 387 BC by Plato. The only thing offered at this first educational establishment was an advanced study in philosophy. From this basis, more higher education facilities began to be erected, from 387 BC to the 17th century .The ancestors of graduate education were constructed throughout Palestine, Babylonia, Indian, China and Korea. Most systems either taught religious aspects or philosophy. Like today, many higher education schools are still religious based, even though they offer numerous amounts of studies, they are still based around religion studies and incorporate it into every line of study at the university. Higher education in America today offers many concentrations of study, but each university has a specific concentration subject that they are known for, such as, liberal arts, education, medical, engineering, etc. This influence on education did not begin until Medieval times. Medieval universities had main areas of study at each facility, some offered liberal studies, while others were focused on music, astronomy, geometry and mathematics. Professional studies included law,Show MoreRelatedThe Influence of Progressive Education on American Schooling Essay1173 Words à |à 5 PagesTHE INFLUENCE OF PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION ON AMERICAN SCHOOLING The Progressive Era was from 1890-1919 when President Theodore Roosevelt became predecessor to President William McKinley whom was assassinated. For decades, it has been a controversial debate on how influential Progressive Education is on American Schooling. The Progressive Movement started because of the development of big businesses and corporations as education became a major topic for reformers due to child labor laws and publicRead MoreEducation During The Industrialization Era Essay1274 Words à |à 6 PagesEducation During the Urbanization Era The Urbanization Era in American history, 1870-1900, was a time for growth in America. During this era, industry grew in the country. Big changes occurred in technology, big business, large scale agricultural, and much more. Industries were growing and big businesses were booming. All of this was causing growth of population in the cities in the America. This all fueled the economic growth of the country (The Development of the Industrial United States (1870-1900)Read MoreUnderstanding the purpose of american public education Essay1062 Words à |à 5 PagesUnderstanding the Purpose of American Public Education American public education has undergone a dramatic transformation over the past several hundred years. This transformation not only includes technology and appearance, but diversity and policies as well. However, an age-old question is still being pondered today. What is the purpose of American public education? Although you may have your own answer for this question; not everyone may agree with you. This is where the problem resides. How canRead MoreThe United States Of America1697 Words à |à 7 Pageseconomic capabilities of American businesses, the United States dominates every aspect of worldly power. Yet, there is one field where the United States recently began to falter behind many other modern nations. This field is the education system. The halting and event the reversal of the progress of education will be detrimental to the future of the United States if the problems are not solved soon and continue to persist. To solve the problems that plague the education system, one must identifyRead MoreHow Much Does Socioeconomics Really Impact A Person s Partisanship1332 Words à |à 6 Pagesin an individualââ¬â¢s life situation, namely, education occupational status and incomeâ⬠(Lewis- Beck et. al., 2008). We pose the following question: ââ¬Å"Does socioeconomic class/status affect a personââ¬â¢s political identity? We break this up into three categories; Income, Education and Occupation. To better understand how and what affects partisanship, we used the work of Angus Campbell, Philip Converse, et. al., in their book The American Voter and the American Voter Revisited by Lewis-Beck. Both texts provideRead MoreEssay on American vs. Japanese Education Systems759 Words à |à 4 PagesEducation Synthesis Essay The educational system differs throughout the world; its viewed and taught differently because of cultural differences. Many cultures view education as a necessity of life therefore family are strict and get more involved in there childââ¬â¢s education. Around the world, education is given to students to prepare them for their future. The American education is considered one of the strongest systems of education therefore many countries the American system. The American educationRead MoreEssay on Foundations of Education1649 Words à |à 7 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Among the significant figures in the history of the American Educational System, few have had as much ideological and practical influence as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Horace Mann, John Dewy, and Johann Pestolazzi. Each altered the course of American education to a degree that the developments made during and after the lifetimes of each of these figures are practically manifested in todayââ¬â¢s edu cational environment. In some cases, as with Franklin, much ofRead MoreWhile I Have Elaborated On Why I Believe Education To Be1221 Words à |à 5 PagesWhile I have elaborated on why I believe education to be the civil rights issue of our time, does it hold merit? Does the issue of education warrant being discussed in terms of civil rights? In speaking of education in the same area of civil rights, there are two articles that I would like to use in formulating my reasoning. First, I would like to call upon Elizabeth A. Armstrongââ¬â¢s Forging Gay Identities. Then, David Harveyââ¬â¢s Right to the City. While at first glance these two titles might seem inaccurateRead MoreSociopolitical Influences on Education1015 Words à |à 4 PagesSociopolitical Influences on Education Introduction Social, cultural and political changes have immense influences on the education sector. This has been witnessed from the onset African and Asian immigration into the United States from 1954 till present times. During the last quarter of the 20th century, immigrants to the US were denied education and those who received education did so under great threats. The dominant view of society about immigrants during this period was extremely negativeRead MoreThe Evolving Role of Government Education Essay1185 Words à |à 5 PagesGovernment in Education What are the roles of federal and state government when it comes to American education? The roles of education have evolved from historic liabilities to current liabilities. There are many laws and cases that have had an impact on American education that still has a strong influence on education today such as the debate between church and state, racial desegregation, and education finances. Other impacts as relevant are testing standards and special education programs that
Wednesday, December 18, 2019
The Industrial Revolution - 2418 Words
The Industrial Revolution became a defining transitional period in United States history. The Industrial Revolution created opportunities for society through, employment, higher pay and allowed for the meeting of many cultures. As a result of high employment opportunities, people flocked to the North and populated areas of the nation creating urban cities. Urban cities of the nation have not changed much since the Industrial Revolution; people are still drawn to the urban culture because of the variety in social and economic opportunities. The urban culture has allowed us to observe the interaction among various cultures and the development of the social class through time. We are currently living in an urban culture where the division that separates social classes has faded away because of human dignity. Human dignity, the need to find self-worth and self-respect for us and others has increased dramatically within society, but this new found self-worth and respect is being developed through capitalism and materialism. Human dignity has evolved into the need to present ourselves to society through the acquisition of materialistic luxuries. In urban cities more value is being placed on extrinsic dignity in the form of materialism. Materialism has taken over the essence of human dignity and has limited our dignity. We must evaluate ourselves carefully and observe the reasons that help develop our own sense of human dignity. People who live in urban cities must be extraShow MoreRelatedIndustrial Of The Industrial Revolution1666 Words à |à 7 PagesMartinez English IV, 1st hour 4/29/16 The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution set people away from farms and small villages and moved them to cities and towns because of the job opportunities that arose in the cities. The Industrial Revolution not only helped people move along in the late 1700s and early 1800s but also it has made the people what they are today. During the Industrial Revolution, the movement from an agrarian society to an industrial one reshaped the roles of families, widenRead MoreThe Revolution Of The Industrial Revolution917 Words à |à 4 PagesWhen thinking of the industrial revolution, I usually correlate this transitional period to great advancements in machinery, and an increase in jobs. However, after looking past the surface of the industrial revolution, in regards to the promise of great wealth, this promise was not kept, along with other issues. I believe that a ââ¬Å"better lifeâ⬠would mean that people would not have to go through the same struggles they once did before the revolution, struggles such as not having a job, money, homeRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution1633 Words à |à 7 Pagesmeans of communication, factories to manufacture the products you need, places to work, and ways to travel and transport goods. And what made these possible? The answer is the Industrial Revolution, which started in Europe around the year 1730. A revolution is a major change or turning point in something. The Industrial Revolution was a major turning point in history and in the way people lived. Their careers, living situations, location, values, and daily routines all changed, and they needed it desperatelyRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution943 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Industrial Revolution, a Revolution that began in Britain in the nineteenth century, saw people move from working in the farming industry to working in factories. This transition from an agrarian society meant that many people moved to cities in search of jobs. New methods of manufacturing allowed goods to be produced f ar more cheaply and quickly than before. However, the Revolution came with its own negative consequences. The lives of children during the Industrial Revolution were torturousRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution1097 Words à |à 5 PagesBefore the advent of the Industrial Revolution, most people resided in small, rural communities where their daily existences revolved around farming. Life for the average person was difficult, as incomes were meager, and malnourishment and disease were common. People produced the bulk of their own food, clothing, furniture and tools. Most manufacturing was done in homes or small, rural shops, using hand tools or simple machines. Did You Know? The word luddite refers to a person who is opposedRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution1090 Words à |à 5 PagesShort Term Miseryâ⬠¦ Long Term Gain There are two major industrializations that have occurred through out history, both which began in England. The Industrial Revolution was from 1750 until 1800. The first and second industrialization were filled with many inventions, new societal ideas, new raw materials, new sources of power, also new ideas and societal implements were made enabling the world and society to evolve. Overall these industrialization was filled with death, neglect, and disease but endedRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution936 Words à |à 4 Pageseconomist Robert Emerson Lucas wrote in regards to the Industrial revolution: For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth. The novelty of the discovery that a human society has this potential for generating sustained improvement in the material aspects of the lives of all its members, not just the ruling elite, cannot be overstressed.â⬠(Lucas 2002). The revolution itself was ce ntred in Britain before spreading to theRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution705 Words à |à 3 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was the quintessence of capitalistic ideals; it bred controversy that led to Karl Marxââ¬â¢s idea of communism as a massive grass roots reaction to the revolutionââ¬â¢s social abuses. Firstly, the Industrial Revolution featured the construction of machines, systems and factories that allowed goods to be manufactured at a faster rate with a lower cost. The seed drill made it so there could be ââ¬Å"a semi-automated, controlled distribution and plantation of wheat seedâ⬠(Jones 2013). SecondlyRead MoreIndustrial Revolution1160 Words à |à 5 Pagesend of the 19th century, a significant change took place in the fundamental structure of the economy. That change was industrialization. During this time period, the United States of America changed from a large, agricultural country, to an urban industrial society. The process of industrialization began to take place in America, and eventually took over the economy during this period. Entrepreneurs and inventors put together various machines and businesses to help better the country function on aRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Essay2099 Words à |à 9 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was one of the largest social and cultural movements that changed the methods of manufacturing of metal and textiles, the transportation system, economic policies and social structure as well. Before the Industrial Revolution, people used to live by season due to agriculture. They thrived on whatever food was in season. Now, as a result of the Industrial Revolution, we live regimented and almost everything that is made, is mass produced. I will discuss three major topics
Tuesday, December 10, 2019
Free Sample Assignment on Culture & Diversity of HSBC
Question: Contrast and analyze their Diversity practices? Answer: Introduction The terms of diversity and diversity practices are very important to the sustenance of an organisation. It is the specification that is utilised by the organisations to maintain a highly differentiated group of employees and suppliers. Also, to keep a diverse organisation means to manage and retain people from different background, ethnicity, education, religion, gender, age, sexual orientation. The more diverse a workplace is the more chances of innovation, excellence and new ideas of business being conducted. Hence, the report makes a study of the diversity practices prevalent in the three major corporations of UK. Also, a comparison, contrast and analysis are conducted on the same. The three major companies thus chosen are Sainsbury, British Airways and HSBC. Diversity Practices Today organisations have realized the need and power of diversity. The numerous researchers conducted shows that valuing diversity has led to a higher profits and much larger business success. It is seen that despite some significant and crucial obstacles as well as issues the companies have kept their diversity programs intact to sustain their brand image and ensure business growth and productivity. Sainsbury- It is one of the largest retail chains in the country with a huge customer base. The diversity vision of the company is to be the most inclusive retailer in the country. The inclusion factor means to include a diverse people in the workforce strategically. The company achieves its market goals, by recruiting, training, retaining and developing a very diverse and talented people in its workforce. The four board sponsors lead the diversity strategy of the company. The company has taken active steps to support the women as well as the disabled. The company also enjoys being the champions of race opportunity with a workforce of 10% employees falling in the Black Asian Minority Ethnic group. The You Can segment a new opportunity to discuss the issues and the aspirations of the employees. Finally, the Paralympics commitment undertaken by the company is to include employees with disability. Thus, the diversity practices of the company are nationally as well as internationally acclaimed. There are more than 30,000 people recruited by the company to practice diversity and inclusion. British Airways- The global airline company is known for its efficient services and traditional flights. It carries people from different nationalities, religions, cultures and sexual orientation and hence, it is necessary for the company to promote and understand diversity. For the company, the process of recruiting talent is based on the strong and supportive principles of diversity and inclusion. The company believes in providing fair treatment and equal opportunities to its candidates, and the selection is done only on the basis of merit. The company is also a member of the UK government's Two Ticks Scheme that ensures that the company will effectively employ, retain and develop the disabled people. Also, the company has some LGBT societies among them. The British Airways workforce is highly diverse and is based on a culture of mutual respect. The idea is realised the diverse workforce and create an inclusive environment by providing the customer with a sense of value. Hence, the inclusion is segmented into groups of customers with reduced mobility, Ethnically Diverse Network, Faith groups, gender equality and LGBT community. HSBC- The famous international British bank believes that diversity and inclusion mean strength. The diverse workforce to be the world leading international bank and the needs of the diverse workforce are the driving force behind the competitive advantage and a sustainable and secure future. The contributions of each customer, employee and supplier are considered important by the company. The components of the diversity and inclusion strategy include the values of being dependable, open to new ideas and cultures, connection with customers, community regulators and so on. Hence, the company has embedded the Employee Resource Groups and Diversity Councils to undertake the activities. Thus, the company means to leverage the individual talents to gain unique and distinctive insights into the leading growth . Thus, while comparing the three corporations, it could be seen that Sainsbury is the most successfully and well-integrated company that has already attained many accolades through its diversity practices. HSBC follows behind to succeed in a highly competitive market with certain competitive advantages. Finally, the British Airways has only started implementing those programs and thus must be monitored properly. Diversity in Recruitment and Training Diversity should be included in the leadership scenario of the companies to understand the needs and requirements of the companies. The first and the most important function of an organisation are conducting a proper diverse inclusion program to gather the best talents. Hence while, Sainsbury is more focused on recruiting the disabled and women into their teams, the other two companies of British Airways and HSBC has promoted gender equality and uphold rights for the LGBT community. One of the most negative impacts on the diversity practices of Sainsbury occurred when an employee showed disrespect for homosexual couples. Thus, there is need of proper criteria for the recruitment procedure. Their recruitment procedure is not restricted to the special cases or causes. It is particularly seen that the recruiting and selection procedure at British Airways is focused on individual merit than any other social obligations and thus strictly adheres to the code. The strategic policy of HSBC has been based on a diverse culture. It is the different cultural background that will help the company get access to broad consumer insight. Their strategic priorities are embedding and inclusion of diverse cultural values and practices, changing of the biases and unconscious beliefs and feelings harboured by the people, championing diversity among the employees and the customers, maintain a very sustainable workforce and finally by providing a fair and accessible regulatory body to address the issues. The only segment where it lacks is in the number of women bankers in the corporation. Diversity in training and development The diversity practices will be only successfully when the workforce is on par with the company policies and strategy. Thus, it is most important to train and develop the very diverse workforce according to the corporate strategy. Also, it is difficult to maintain diverse employee, and there are many issues and conflicts of interest as well as preconceived notions that lead to some major obstacles in the functioning of the organisations. After the recruitment and selection of a diverse workforce, the British Airways have been more focused on training the people in a diverse work culture. This can also be due to the reasons that the Airline companies are largely dependent on customer service to customers of diverse backgrounds. The British Airways have put forth their program as putting the people first, and thus it needs the management of people giving the priority. The aim of the company is to build a high performing work culture that offer rewards on great performances. The company has recruited best talents at every level and provided them with a special culture to ensure that the people are feeling comfortable at work. The working strategy is fostered to develop Dignity and reduce harassment helping the people with diverse backgrounds to reach their full potential. The Dignity at Work strategy adopted by the company involves training, communications, and workshops conducted across the business. There are also onl ine courses to help the employees to learn and imbibe the core values. At Sainsbury, the training involves the teaching o the new trainees on organisational culture. The staff development section offers a performance development program that analyses the potential of the employees. The purpose of training at Sainsbury's is increasing the productivity and the profits to increase the profit. Also, this training program will make the workforce flexible and provide job satisfaction. The company also enables the workers to report any discrimination or harassment faced by the individuals. The HSBC culture defines Diversity as the heart of the business. The company also believes in professionalism, entrepreneurial spirit and the ethical business principles as a guide. The core values are the inclusion of the different ideas and cultures and various perspectives. The success of the bank lies within its connection between clients and communities. Thus, the company has developed an e-learning diversity training module to help the employees to understand the diverse information and knowledge. Also, the internal network groups and voluntary training program forms an inclusive environment to provide an unbiased and gender-balanced workforce. Finally with its footprints in eight different countries, the company recruits from around the nation to train and sustain a diverse workforce that it could boast of . Issues identified After a brief study and analysis so conducted on the diversity practices undertaken by the three different companies, the issues faced by the organisations or by the customers are identified and stated below: The diversity practices of the three different companies are not same and not balanced. The balance is lost in the internal structure of the organisation Sainsbury has earned accolades for being champion in the race of diversity but has also faced harsh criticism due to the inadequacies in the programs British Airways does not possess a proper retirement plan, and the selection procedure is not clearly defined. HSBC, despite its wide range of actions regarding diversity practices and the models of approach it has taken, there is a lack of women staff bankers that is raising questions about the Company's practices and the authenticity of the measures it has taken. Finally, there is no clear evaluation program defined to understand and measure the assessment of the extent to which the diversity program has been implemented and how much successful it is. Also, there is a marked difference in the three organisations, regarding the organisational objectives that are to be achieved through the diversity program. These objectives often defined the concentration segment of the Company's diversity practice. Recommendations Firstly, the companies should completely abide by the diversity practises suggested by the governmental structures. This will help the companies to manage easily and monitor their activities Next a code of conduct is to format that will be undertaken by the senior management and all the employees and must be followed strictly. This Code of conduct would be separate from the normal code of conduct and will only focus on diversity issues and diverse work culture Sainsbury must be able to imbibe the values it teaches to the workers and ensure that the value for diverse work culture is strictly followed by the individuals working in the organisation A proper plan, rules and regulations are to be defined by all the three companies so that all the diverse and minor groups are provided with equal opportunities HSBC must make sure their programs are so designed that it provides ample opportunities to recruit women and sustain them. Also, it must be ensured that a safe and appropriate environment is provided for the women employees An evaluation plan is to be formulated that will provide scope for assessing the benefit of the diversity practices and the extent to which the people have accepted it and has earned profit for the organisations Irrespective of the organisational goal and objectives, equal attention, must be given to all the segments of the diversity practices to enjoy a great work culture Conclusion Diversity means the difference in culture, ethnicity and demographics among the people in a workplace. The concept of inclusion is recruiting and maintains a diverse workforce. The concept of diversity is fraught with many implications and is thus paid critical attention by employers around the world. Special attention is given to diversity practices that deal with gender equality, LGBT community and the disabled. These issues are increasingly becoming some major factors that can make or mar and organisation. Hence, it is essential must be handled with proper training and care. This report makes a study of three major UK corporations of Sainsbury, British Airways and HSB. Three completely different industries are thus chosen, and the diversity practices are compared contrasted as well as analyse to understand the issues. Finally, the series of recommendations are suggested that will lead to the success of the companies discussed. References 1. Achievers,. 'Culture Diversity Of HSBC'. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2015. 2. Aytemiz Seymen, Oya. 'The Cultural Diversity Phenomenon In Organisations And Different Approaches For Effective Cultural Diversity Management: A Literary Review'.Cross Cultural Management13.4 (2006): 296-315. Web. 3. Banks, Claretha H. 'Diffusion Of Innovation: Communicating To Improve Training And Employee Development'.IJSCM1.1/2 (2006): 143. Web. 4. Britishairways.com,. 'BA Careers - Diversity And Inclusion'. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2015. 5. Bucher, Richard D.Diversity Consciousness. [Place of publication not identified]: Prentice Hall, 2014. Print. 6. Hsbc.com,. 'Learning And Development - Careers - HSBC Holdings Plc'. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2015. 7. J-sainsbury.co.uk,. 'J Sainsbury Plc / Diversity And Inclusion'. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2015. 8. Karatas-Ozkan, M. et al. 'Cross-Cultural Perspectives Of Diversity Within Family Businesses'.International Journal of Cross Cultural Management11.2 (2011): 107-111. Web. 9. Klarsfeld, Alain.International Handbook On Diversity Management At Work. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2010. Print. 10. Mooney, Jonathan.The Short Bus. New York: H. Holt, 2007. Print. 11. Nagayama Hall, Gordon C., and Gloria Gia Maramba. 'In Search Of Cultural Diversity: Recent Literature In Cross-Cultural And Ethnic Minority Psychology.'.Cultural Diversity Ethnic Minority Psychology7.1 (2001): 12-26. Web. 12. Ozbilgin, Mustafa, and Ahu Tatli.Global Diversity Management. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Print. 13. Randlesome, Collin. 'Diversity Of EuropS Business Cultures Under Threat?'.Cross Cultural Management9.2 (2002): 65-76. Web. 14. Romanenko, Alena.Cultural Diversity Management In Organizations. Hamburg: Diplomica Verlag, 2012. Print. 15. Sainsburys.jobs,. 'Diversity And Inclusion - Sainsbury's Jobs'. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2015. 16. Saji, Beena S. 'Workforce Diversity, Temporal Dimensions And Team Performance'.Cross Cultural Management11.4 (2004): 40-59. Web. 17. 'Special Issue On Cultural Diversity: Challenges And Opportunities In China'.Cross Cultural Management15.1 (2008): n. pag. Web.
Monday, December 2, 2019
There is a Price for Admission to the Sick Role Essays - RTT, Cancer
"There is a Price for Admission to the Sick Role" By: Lauren Gonder Illness is defined, in today's terms, as a state or condition of suffering as the result of a disease or sickness and is caused by an abnormal biological affliction or mental abnormality (pg. 188) CITATION Coc16 \l 1033 (Cockerman, 2016) . In 1951, Sociologist Talcott Parsons, initially expressed sickness as a deviant behavior that a person accepts when feeling sick. Deviance is an act or behavior that violates the social norms within a given society CITATION Coc16 \l 1033 (Cockerman, 2016) . This requires a social judgement about what is proper behavior shared by the people in that society CITATION Coc16 \l 1033 (Cockerman, 2016) . Norms are social expectations that guide behavior and explain why people do what they do in a given si tuation. Parsons saw being sick as a distract ion from how society functions (pg. 189) CITATION Coc16 \l 1033 (Cockerman, 2016) . When someone is sick, they are relieved from their daily duties and/or roles. His concept of the sick role is based on the notion that being sick is not a deliberate and knowing choice of the sick person, even though illness may occur as a result of motivated exposure to infection or injury (pg. 192) CITATION Coc16 \l 1033 (Cockerman, 2016) . This choice makes it deviant only because he or she is "not responsible" for the sickness and it is warned that people will adopt this choice to get away from their responsibilities. This is why it is required by a school or employer to provide proof of medical care. Some sick or handicapped people can be labeled if their sickness is unpleasant for others. This can be based on appearance, odor, or behavior. The labeling is called social stigma, which is defined by Sociologist Erving Goffman, as a negative characterization that devalues a person and changes his or her self-concept and social identity. Stigma originated with the ancient Greeks, who used it to refer to marks, such as brands or cu ts, on the body that represents something bad or immoral about the person (pg. 211) CITATION Coc16 \l 1033 (Cockerman, 2016) . These brands were used to signify criminals, slaves, or traitors and varies across and within societies. There are three classifications of social stigma : abominations or deformities, blemishes, such as a mental disorder or alcoholism, and tribal, such as race or religion. People who are stigmatized try to hide their afflictions by acting as normal as possible. Lung cancer is mostly caused by smoking and second-hand smoke. Usually, it starts in the spongy, pinkish grey walls of the lungs' airways or air sacs CITATION Web \l 1033 (WebMD) . The two main types of lung cancer are non-small cell and small-cell. Non-small cell lung cancer has three categories called Adenocarcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, and Large-cell carcinoma. They all spread to the lymph nodes and some to bones and other organs. There are other causes of lung cancer such as exposure to asbestos, uranium dust, or the radioactive gas, R adon. Lung tissue that was scarred by disease or infection, such as scleroderma or tuberculosis , becomes at risk for tumors in that tissue, this is called scar carcinoma CITATION Web \l 1033 (WebMD) . Breast cancer doesn't have any one known cause and can occur when the cells in the breast begin growing abnormally CITATION Cli \l 1033 (MayoClinic) . The growth occurs in the milk-producing ducts, the lobules (glandular tissue), or other cells/tissue in the breast. The growth is when the cells divide more rapidly than healthy cells and form a lump or mass. This mass can then spread throughout the breast, lymph nodes or other parts of the body. Breast cancer can be caused by hormonal, lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors. Hormonal factors are associated with mostly females, but males can also be effected . These factors can transpire as you become older. Drinking alcohol and obesity are related to lifestyle influences. Radiation exposure through other treatments as a child or young adult is a part of the environmental reasons. People who suffer from lung cancer are often stigmatized due to the association with
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